indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go mad; to go crazy; to go insane
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
then; and then; and; if so; because then; if that's the case
place for storing things; container; compartment; closet; pocket
suspicious; dubious; doubtful; unsure; untrustworthy; unreliable; strange
brown envelope; manila envelope
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
largish; biggish; a little bit larger
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
elder brother; one's senior; older man; man older than oneself
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
secret savings; secret stash; money hidden away
to save up; to stockpile; to stash away; to hoard; to amass; to salt away
in that way; thus; so; so?