fire department (in Japan, composed of on call civilian firefighters)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
thanks (for coming, helping, etc.); glad you could make it; tiredness; fatigue
night watch; night watchman
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
I see; that's right; indeed
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
supermarket; subtitles; telop; superheterodyne; super
shopping; purchased goods
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
noon; midday; daytime; lunch