where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
beyond this point; from now on; after this
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to kick flying (often a person in sport, martial arts, etc.)
good feeling; feeling good
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
coincidence; agreement; conformity; consistency; cooperation
evening; night; dinner; evening meal; counter for nights
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...