(camera) shutter; shutter (for a door, window, etc.)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
I; me; personal (affairs, etc.); private; selfishness; partiality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
company president; manager; director
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to step back; to move back; to withdraw (from the presence of a superior); to leave; to resign; to retire
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
story; tale; talk; discussion
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
orthopedics; plastic surgery; cosmetic surgery; smoothing (bursty traffic, etc.); shaping; fairing
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
manager (e.g. of a business, an idol, etc.); in a sports team (esp. at school) someone who does the routine drudge work
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Singapore
fashion; way; school (of thought); class; rank; current (electrical, water, etc.)
publication (e.g. of an article in a newspaper); carrying (e.g. a story); running (e.g. a serial); insertion (e.g. of an advertisement); printing; posting (e.g. on the web)
adultery; immorality; impropriety; (an) affair
article; news story; report; account
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
fabrication; forgery; falsehood; hoax
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
100,000,000; one hundred million
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
person with whom one is having an illicit love affair
to act (a part); to play (a role); to perform (a play, etc.); to put on (a production); to commit (a blunder); to disgrace oneself