jpdb beta

carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone

1

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

108

ringtone

1

north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind

7

ah; oh; hey!

7

court; courthouse

1

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

71

originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful

1

gasp; pant

1

that; those; the

8

to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death

1

excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you

1

today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays

4

registration; accession; register; entry; record

1

to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important

1

but; however; although

12

still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least

1

to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.)

1

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

10

fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet

5

inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during

2

to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold

3

yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?

13

sorry; excuse me; thank you

2

announcer; presenter; broadcaster; in-house television talent who does on-location fluff pieces for variety shows

1

the whole country

1

first; new

1

to become; to amount to

1

trial by lay judges; lay judge trial

1

admission ticket

2

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

54

to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for

2

here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...

2

Tokyo

1

district court

2

to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding

5

1,000; thousand

1

counter for people

1

not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned

5

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

21

person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others

5

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

60

to form a line (row)

1

listening (to a lecture, hearing, parliament session, etc.); attending (without participating); sitting in (e.g. on a meeting); observing

10

numbered ticket (e.g. to determine order of service in shop, etc.); zone ticket; boarding ticket; bus ticket dispensed at boarding, used to show where one boarded

2

honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix

2

hope; wish; aspiration

2

direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)

4

this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me

5

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

53