to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
third son; Occella iburia (species of poacher)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to divide (by); to remove; to exclude
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
day-by-day renewal; rapid progress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
aspiration; volunteering; desire; application
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
to fall behind; to lag behind; to lose (race, contest)
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
repetitious; long-winded; heavy (taste); (overly) rich; gaudy (colour, design, etc.); loud
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
retort; back talk; backchat
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to be the first to say; to suggest (doing); to propose
Metropolis (of Tokyo); (Tokyo) Metropolitan District; counter for cities and towns; capital
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party