fashion; fad; vogue; prevalence (e.g. of a disease)
Movement for Civic Rights and Freedom (Meiji era); Freedom and People's Rights Movement
being enthusiastic about; being wild about; being absorbed in; being engrossed in; being devoted to
Satsuma and Chōshū (clan alliance)
clanship; clannism; clan favoritism; clan favouritism
ought to do; have to do; must do; feel obliged to
free speech; freedom of speech
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
characteristic; traditional; peculiar; inherent; native; eigen-
private; non-governmental; non-official; folk; popular
prosperous; flourishing; popular; widespread; active; lively
some; any; please; anyway; anyhow
home (of something); place famous for its ...; place of origin; birthplace; morning session; last session in the morning
flute; fife; pipe; whistle
coming and going; traffic; road; street; association; socializing
right in the center (centre)
to burn; to scorch; to char; to singe
political rally; political meeting; political gathering
person in charge (including a supervisory role for other staff); person responsible for ...; responsible party; supervisor; manager
to spill; to drop; to grumble; to complain; to let one's feelings show
darn it!; darn!; oops!; oh dear!; oh no!
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
to dance (orig. a hopping dance)
to gather; to collect; to assemble
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
just like that; quite so; I agree; (lit.) that street
counting song; enumerative form (of waka)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
-less; lacking; non-existing
change; alteration; difference; distinction; something wrong; abnormality