sutra; Buddhist scriptures
sect; denomination; tenets (of a religious sect)
entering the priesthood; priest; man with a shaven head; bald-headed monster
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
return of government (to Kyoto); making former capital (esp. Kyoto) the capital again
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
intention; idea; inclination; wish
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
in that way; thus; so; so?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Metropolis (of Tokyo); (Tokyo) Metropolitan District; counter for cities and towns; capital
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
good fortune; happiness; blessing; good luck
field; plain; prairie; tundra; moor; wilderness
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
phantom; vision; illusion; extremely rare item
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
source (of a river); fountainhead; source; origin; root
now; the present time; just now; another; more
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
in name only; titular; nominal
Heike family; Taira family; The Tale of the Heike; chanting of the Heike Monogatari
Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari); the Minamoto family
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
rebellion; uprising; insurrection; (arch.) treason
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to surround; to encircle; to enclose
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
increasingly; more and more; decreasingly (when declining); less and less
(suffer) deterioration; growing worse; aggravation; degeneration; corruption
disorder; disturbance; unrest
to die down (storm, anger, conflict, etc.); to calm down; to be at peace; to be governed well; to subside (of pain, symptoms, etc.); to be alleviated
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to abandon; to give up on; to desert
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend