this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fixing (in place); being fixed (in place); fixing (e.g. salary, capital); keeping the same; fixation (histology); user name (on an online forum like 2ch where the majority of users post anonymously)
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
establishment; institution; installation (of a machine or equipment)
to lose (something); to mislay; to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
alternation; change; relief; relay; shift; substitution (sports, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; period; class
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
family; members of a family
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
complete; completion; perfection; accomplishment
(one's) older sister; (one's) elder sister; girl
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
earthquake disaster; Great Kanto Earthquake (1923)
missing (of a person); lost; unaccounted for; whereabouts unknown
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to let something (or somebody) go past; to do too much
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful