cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
after school (at the end of the day)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
actor; actress; player; performer
unit; (musical) group; band
troupe; theatrical company
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
common carp (Cyprinus carpio); koi carp
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
hollow; cavity; sunken place; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) female genitalia
educational institution; school; academy; campus
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
yokozuna (highest rank in sumo); grand champion; best in its field; crème de la crème; cream of the crop
bamboo grass; generally smaller species of running bamboo that do not shed their sheaths (e.g. Sasa spp.)
brocade; fine dress; fine clothes
barrier; gate; seki (in go); mutual life
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
love passionately; ardent love; devotion
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
(fictional) character; character; personality; persona
very interesting; of absorbing interest; having a keen interest (in); being immensely curious (about)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
chase; pursuit; tracking; following up; tracing
to get stuck with (some job); to end up with (something unpleasant)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
public entertainment; performing arts; accomplishments; attainments
photographer; cameraman; camera operator; cinematographer
encounter; being confronted with (e.g. difficulty); meeting with (e.g. accident)
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal