cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
peak; summit; ridge; back of a blade
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
name; given name; first name
because of; owing to; due to
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
boy; son; baby boy; young man
consumer electronics; home appliances
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
apt to (do); liable to; predominantly; mostly; ... reaps the rewards; ... takes the prize
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
true state; actual condition; reality
detective; investigator; sleuth; detective work; secret investigation
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
deputy director; assistant director; vice director; deputy general manager; assistant general manager; vice (general) manager
title (e.g. Doctor, Professor, Lord); job title; position (in a company); degree; status; rank
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
breast; chest; pit of the stomach; solar plexus; epigastrium
to gouge; to hollow out; to greatly perturb; to cause emotional pain; to get to the bottom of things; to relentlessly bring the truth to light
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
light; well-lit; bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; cheerful; bright; encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
Japanese toad (Bufo japonicus); Japanese common toad
dissection; autopsy; analysis
process; procedure; sequence; protocol; instruction
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend