indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper); (arch.) counter for positions or roles; (arch.) counter for food portions (now only gyōza and soba); counter for ranking level
one's post; place of work; workplace
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
one thin flat object; one sheet
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
first class; first rank; one degree; one level; most; best
10^8; 100,000,000; hundred million
winning ticket; lucky number
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
bad; wrong; evil; no good; wicked; reprehensible
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
thousand years; many years
older sister; lass; young lady
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
fate; destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together); relationship (e.g. between two people); bond; family ties; affinity; opportunity
gap; break; pause; interval; cut; incision
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
these days; nowadays; present day; at this time (of the day)