indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
meeting; rendezvous; encounter; confluence
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
master (of a house, shop, etc.); husband; sir; boss; patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess; sugar daddy
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
warm; mild; considerate; kind; warm (of a colour); mellow
torii; Shinto shrine archway
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
now; the present time; just now; another; more
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
chic; smart; understanding; considerate; familiar with worldly pleasures (esp. sexual relations, geisha districts and red-light districts)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to shine; to glitter; to be bright
(raw) ore; unpolished gemstone
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent