indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
to be in high spirits; to be encouraged; to be lively; to cheer up
confession; acknowledgement; confession of love; professing one's feelings; confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
easily; readily; quickly; lightly (seasoned food, applied make-up, etc.); plainly; simply
disappointed love; broken heart; unrequited love; being lovelorn
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
this way and that; (by) various means; (by) every means
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn one's face; to turn around; to look over one's shoulder
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to court; to woo; to approach defiantly
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
broken into small fragments; smashed to atoms; fragments and splinters; smithereens
to break (into pieces); to be broken; to collapse; to crumble; to become less formal; to throw off reserve
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to strike against; to collide with; to encounter; to meet; to clash
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
screen (of a TV, computer, etc.); image (on a screen); picture; surface of a painting (picture, drawing, etc.)
to break; to be smashed; to split; to crack; to be divided (opinion, vote, etc.); to split (e.g. of a party); to come to light