some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
Shima (former province located at the eastern tip of present-day Mie Prefecture)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
serious; earnest; real sword (as opposed to a wooden practice weapon)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
now; the present time; just now; another; more
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
ill-bred; impolite; rude; impudent; insolent; blunt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
please (give me); please (do for me)
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
should; must; -able; probably; likely
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
system; lineage; corollary; system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period); (taxonomical) series
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless