indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
-less; lacking; non-existing
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
while; during; while; although; all; both
some; any; please; anyway; anyhow
reason; cause; circumstances
honorific/polite/humble prefix
samurai; warrior; military family
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give shelter to; to lodge; to put up; to accommodate
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
sharing a room; dormitory room; match between wrestlers from the same stable
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting (failing) to write (call, visit, etc.); long silence
to be surprised; to be astonished
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
so; like that; that's right; indeed; let me see...
mountain road; mountain trail
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
middle; halfway; half (of); one half; half (e.g. done, jokingly); partly
to be overtaken by darkness
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
occasionally; once in a while; seldom; casually; unexpectedly; accidentally