this world; this life; world of the living
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
line; stripe; line (e.g. telephone line); wire; ray (e.g. X-ray); beam; line (e.g. of a railroad)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
buttocks; behind; undersurface; bottom; last place; end
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates means of action; cause of effect; by
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
triangle; triangular shape
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to pick up
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
honorific/polite/humble prefix
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
writing brush; paintbrush; writing with a brush; drawing with a brush; writing (composing text); the written word
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
small; little; slightly less than; just about; somewhat; somehow
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work