indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one day; (on) a certain day
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
genius; prodigy; natural gift
swindler; fraudster; trickster; con man
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
while; during; while; although; all; both
large amount of money; great cost
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe and humor (humour)
to come together; to merge; to fit; to match; to be profitable; to be equitable
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to slip out; to sneak away; to break into the lead; to get ahead; to begin to fall out (e.g. hair); to break out (of a loop)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
reopening; resumption; restarting
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
war; battle; match; game; competition
participation; joining; entry; adherence
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
team competition; team game
advance guard; vanguard; athlete who competes in the first match of a team competition (kendo, judo, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
draw (in competition); tie game
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
match; game; bout; contest
both; both sides; both parties