that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
life; living; I; me; student
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
incident; affair; happening; event
at that time; in those days
authority; power; influence
professor; teaching; instruction
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached to; being under the control of
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
the other day; a few days ago
latter period; second half; late stage; third trimester; second semester
examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
head; chief; top student; head of the class; top seat; first desk (in orchestra)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
student (esp. a university student)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
results; record; grades; marks
top; top position; senior management; senior bureaucrat
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
seat; place; position; status; gathering; party; stand
to content oneself with; to be resigned to (one's fate); to be contented (satisfied) with (one's lot)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")