from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
woman; female; feminine gender
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
time; hour; period; class
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
had better ...; had better not ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
beloved child; dear child
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
shōchū made from sake lees; low-quality moonshine (esp. post-WWII); hooch (hootch)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
in that way; thus; so; so?
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays