indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
arrogant; insolent; disdainful
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
have a good day; take care; see you
to approach; to draw near; to gather (in one place); to come together; to stop by (while on one's way to another place); to drop by; to grow old
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
troupe; theatrical company
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
consequence; outcome; result; blame
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
all; entire; whole; altogether
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
substantiality (of a meal); fillingness; solidity
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
it is not (like that) either
originally; by nature; from the start
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
speech; words; one's lines; remarks
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
practice; practising; training; study
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound