something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
real intention; motive; true opinion; what one really thinks
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to run about; to rush about
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
How did you like ...?; How about ...?; What's going on?; How's it going?
mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger); hollyhock
murder; killing; murderer
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to glare at; to scowl at; to stare intensely at; to examine carefully; to estimate; to guess
honorific/polite/humble prefix
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
in succession; one by one
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
eccentric; queer; unconventional; peculiar; original
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
deed (esp. negative); act; action; one's doing
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to draw the conclusion that ...; to conclude
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
Tang dynasty (of China; 618-907); T'ang dynasty; (arch.) China; (arch.) foreign country
crossing; passage; importing; import; wandering; wanderer; migration
tobacco; cigarette; cigaret; tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum)
at hand; on hand; way of moving one's arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember