indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; over; more than
to suit; to match; to become; to be like
not exceeding; and downward; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
feeling; sense; impression
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
100,000,000; one hundred million
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
small change; coins; small sum of money
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
field; plain; prairie; tundra; moor; wilderness
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
most; highest; maximum; best; wonderful; finest
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
party (gathering, celebration, etc.); party (group, political, etc.)
(camera) shutter; shutter (for a door, window, etc.)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
pleasant feeling; good vibes