(arch.) large river (esp. the Yangtze); Lake Biwa
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
in good health; alive and well; going strong
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
the last moment; the very end
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to fight to the bitter end
opinion; intention; thought
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
by all means; by all costs
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to kill; to choke the life out of
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
winter campaign of the siege of Osaka (1614 CE)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
apron of a gun; cover for the touch-hole on a cannon or matchlock
again; once more; a second time
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
theme; topic; subject matter; motif; project; slogan
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
big fire (buildings, etc. on fire)
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
from the beginning; from the first; all along; of course
imperial palace (esp. Kyoto Imperial Palace); imperial residence; residence of a shogun, minister, etc.; emperor; ex-emperor; empress
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
strife; riot; (media) uproar; brouhaha; feud; tussle