follower; attendant; valet; servant
something; some kind of; for some reason
suspicious; dubious; doubtful; unsure; untrustworthy; unreliable; strange
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to envision how things will turn out (usu. unfortunate); to have foresight; to be able to see the future
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to abandon; to fail; to desert; to forsake
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thunder; thunderclap; crash of thunder
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
elementary; basic; rudimentary
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
company; corporation; workplace
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
parent; parents; dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
reign of an emperor of Japan
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for