cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
Izumo (former province located in the east of present-day Shimane Prefecture)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
suffix for familiar person
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
hill; height; knoll; rising ground
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
police; police officer; police station
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
red earth (i.e. containing cinnabar or minium); vermilion
woman; female; feminine gender
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
some; any; in any way; of some kind; of some sort
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)