fat; fatty; grand; magnificent; excellent
hardworking; painstaking; diligent; conscientious; sincere
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
ancient writing (i.e. Edo-period or older); classical literature; ancient Chinese character (pre-Qin period)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
meaning; significance; sense
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
serious; honest; sober; grave; earnest; steady
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
just like that; quite so; I agree; (lit.) that street
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hiragana; cursive Japanese syllabary used primarily for native Japanese words (esp. function words, inflections, etc.)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
hard to understand; incomprehensible; unintelligible
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
dramatic (improvement); remarkable (difference); marked; (far) better; exceptional
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy