sorry; excuse me; thank you
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
change (for a purchase); toilet splashback
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
somehow dirty; slightly dirty; dingy; somewhat base; vaguely underhanded
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
imagination; supposition; guess
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; tentatively; for the time being; just in case; once
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
for convenience; as a matter of convenience
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
shabby; dull; cheap; lackluster; uninspiring; depressing
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
coincidence; chance; by chance; unexpectedly; contingency
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible