that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
extinction; extinguishment; disappearance; annihilation
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
Kawachi (former province located in the east of present-day Osaka Prefecture)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to do something in readiness for; to get something (needful) done
belt (waist, seat, etc.); strap; belt; zone; drive belt; machine belt
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
meteor; shooting star; falling star
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
father; dad; husband; you; he
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
to be sad; to mourn for; to regret
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah