suffix for familiar person
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
ghost; apparition; goblin; monster; something unusually large
strife; riot; (media) uproar; brouhaha; feud; tussle
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
for example; for instance; e.g.
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
five colors (usu. red, blue, yellow, white and black); five colours; many kinds; varied; melon; gourd
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr