suffix for familiar person
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fortune-telling; divination
loveable; very likeable; like very much
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
frame; framework; border; box; limit; restriction; category
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
set; set meal; combo-meal; hairdo
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to feel; to sense; to experience
adds force or indicates command
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
this occasion; at this time; now
aggression; invasion; raid
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to entrust (a matter) to; to leave to; to abandon oneself to (e.g. pleasure); to yield to (e.g. anger); to devote oneself to
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
please (give me); please (do for me)
to lock up; to shut up; to imprison
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
policy; course; plan (of action); magnetic needle
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very