indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Singapore
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to concern; to be related
study; research; investigation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
now; the present time; just now; another; more
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
all-out attack; general offensive
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
cyborg; cybernetic organism
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
important; momentous; essential; principal; major
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
your Excellency; his Excellency; her Excellency
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
to remove; to take off; to drop (e.g. from a team); to remove (from a position); to leave (e.g. one's seat); to go away from
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she