full moon; 15th day of the lunar month
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
New Year (esp. first three days); first month of the year; January
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
New Year's pine decoration
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
rope used to cordon off consecrated areas or as a talisman against evil
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
collar; lapel; neckband; nape of the neck; scruff of the neck
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
to be much obliged (to someone); to receive favor (favour); to be indebted; to be grateful
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
osechi; food eaten during the New Year's Holidays
adds force or indicates command
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do