earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
haze (esp. in spring); mist; dimness (of sight)
program (e.g. TV); programme
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture
d button; data button; button on a TV remote control for accessing programme information, weather, traffic, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
shuriken; small throwing blade; throwing star
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hot (thing); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
between-meal snack; mid-afternoon (around 3 o'clock) snack; afternoon refreshment; afternoon tea
hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
boy; son; baby boy; young man
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to send; to forward; to hand over (e.g. money)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
flurry of snow in a clear sky; winter wind which brings scattered snowflakes or raindrops; skin eruptions cause by a cold or fever
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that