substitute (e.g. actor); substitution; stand-in; double
head; chief; top student; head of the class; top seat; first desk (in orchestra)
(musical) conductor; commander; leader; director
cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time
general manager; general superintendent; general director (of a film, etc.)
to go to the top; to climb to the top; to ascend to the top; to be engrossed in; to be very enthusiastic about; to be infatuated with
diligent study; devoting oneself to one's studies
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
800; eight hundred; multitude; large number
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
contribution (e.g. to newspaper)
to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose
spelling; orthography; patching; binding
work; operation; manufacturing; fatigue duty
polite; courteous; civil; careful; close; thorough
listen!; you see; mind you; remember
strong spirit; mettle; backbone; guts; fighting spirit
macrocosmos; macrocosm; the universe; the cosmos
if only (you) have; as long as (you) have; whenever (you) have
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
unrelated; irrelevant; unconcerned; unconnected
to be a match for; to rival; to equal; to compare with; to be equivalent to
composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization
to continue to increase; to continue to mount
to result in death; to lead to death; to be fatal (e.g. disease)
to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
just one person; only one
to disdain; to look down on; to make light of; to hold in contempt; to scorn; to despise
guidance; leadership; instruction; shido (disciplinary action for a minor infringement of the rules of judo)
assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement