low (level, value, price, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
drawing up (e.g. legal document, contract, will, etc.); preparing; writing; framing; making; producing
entering an institution; beginning training; primer; manual; introduction (to)
first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
notation; orthography; writing system; representation
hypothesis; supposition; assumption
author (usu. of a particular book); writer
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
machine language; machine code
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
memory; memory; recollection; remembrance
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
correspondence (to); equivalence; suitability; coordination; dealing with; coping with
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
custom; practice; said; aforementioned; instance; example
to contain; to comprise; to hold in the mouth; to bear in mind; to understand; to express (emotion, etc.)
settlement; conclusion; summary
calculator (electronic); pocket calculator
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
step (of a staircase, etc.); running board (of a bus, train); step (movement); pace; (dance) step; step (in a process)
piece; fragment; one (object)
degree; extent; (health) condition; state of health; adjustment; moderation; addition and subtraction
divining sticks; counting; calculation
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
introduction; bringing in; leading in; installation
method; process; manner; way; means; technique
recurrence; recursion; reflective
descent; fall; drop; decline; downturn; subsidence