this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
model (of machine, device); model of aircraft; type of aircraft
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
difference; disparity; gap
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (e.g. of a document)
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
hello; good day; good afternoon
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
name; given name; first name
occupation; profession; job; vocation; trade; calling
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
book; volume; this; present; main; head
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
aloneness; loneliness; solitude
to subsist; to keep on living
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
root (of a plant); root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.); root (of all evil, etc.); source; one's true nature
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
affirmation; affirmative (logic)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of