characteristic; traditional; peculiar; inherent; native; eigen-
position; situation; viewpoint; standpoint; point of view
establishment; settlement
or; either ... or; maybe; perhaps; some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
senior; elder; person older than oneself
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
distinction; differentiation; classification
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
haori (Japanese formal coat)
alias; pseudonym; pen name; nom de plume
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
smiling while looking at; enjoying reading
educational policies or administration; Bunsei era (1818.4.22-1830.12.10)
thirteen; 13; king (playing card)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
book; booklet; story book; pamphlet; notebook
garden (esp. man-made); orchard; park; place; location
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
edge (of a river, woods, etc.); shoulder (of a road); rim; brim; fabric border (of a tatami mat, etc.); edging
together with; same; both; all; including ...
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
reason; cause; circumstances
Bungo (former province located in present-day Ōita Prefecture)
occasion; time; section (of a literary work); paragraph; season; term; principle
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
if anything; if pushed I'd say; if I had to say
doubtful; questionable; uncertain; disputable; suspicious
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
in the meanwhile; during the time
shamisen; samisen; sanxian (Chinese lute); three string instruments (in gagaku; biwa, wagon and sou); three-stringed instrument
fidelity; honour; honor; chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
written work (esp. a bound text, as opposed to a scroll); a text written entirely in kana; graphic novel (esp. one created between the 12th and 19th centuries); notebook (for practicing kana, drawing pictures, etc.); rough draft
method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
occupational ability; function; role
mature woman; middle-aged woman
but; however; provided that
complication; intricacy; involution; to become complicated; to get entangled