order; ordering; beginning; start; foreword; preface
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
meeting; assembly; party; society; association; club
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
Amida Buddha's original vow; long-cherished desire
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
layman; believer; adherent; follower; laity
you (people); gentlemen; ladies and gentlemen; my friends
intellectual class; educated class; intelligentsia
people; (all) persons; you (usu. plural); various
depending on; dependent on
to try; to attempt; to have a go (at something)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to spell; to write; to compose; to bind (e.g. documents); to patch
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
is something that; is that which
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
(Buddhist) lecture meeting; religious association; mutual assistance association (i.e. for financial assistance)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to correct; to touch up; to smarten up; to put one's hand in (e.g. pocket)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
denotes uncertainty; such things as A and B; A and B and so on; A and B and the like
by myself; in person; by oneself
writing (e.g. as a profession)
whole book (volume); complete episode
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored
mixture; blending; complication; crossing; intersecting; interlacing