indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
surname; family name; last name
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
feeling of happiness; sense of well-being; euphoria
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
loveable; very likeable; like very much
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
glance; look; glimpse; complete view; bird's-eye view
boy; son; baby boy; young man
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing
false name; alias; assumed name; pseudonym
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
treasure; treasured item; prized possession
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai