chapter one; first chapter
father and child; father and son; father and daughter
again; once more; a second time
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
over a wall; crossing a fence
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
discord; disharmony; false note; being out of tune
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
double-lined fusilier (Pterocaesio digramma); Taiwan (nickname); Takasago (classic noh play by Zeami)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
Yue (kingdom in ancient China; 6th C-334 BCE); Vietnam
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
informal summer clothes for men (short jacket and trousers)
tenement house; row house
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
conduct of business; management; acting as agent (of a land owner, house owner, etc.); being in charge (of a house, etc.)
fourth day of the month; four days
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
festivities; celebration; wedding; marriage ceremony
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
announcement; presentation; demonstration; displaying; showing; introducing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
understanding; comprehension; grasp; perception; appreciation; mastery (of an art or skill)
training; drill; practice; practising; discipline
being concentrated on one thing; devoting oneself completely to something
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
grandmother; old woman; female senior citizen
tea; tea plant (Camellia sinensis); tea preparation; making tea; brown; (arch.) mockery
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
than; from; out of; except; but; more
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis