indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicate reason; infers some protest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
clumsiness; awkwardness; ineptitude
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
hem; (trouser) cuff; bottom part; bottom edge; foot (of a mountain); tips (of hair)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
careful; cautious; prudent; discreet; deliberate
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to shine; to glow; to look attractive; to look nice; to be set off (by)
to rock; to shake; to swing
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
straight (ahead); direct; upright; straightforward; honest; frank
to stretch; to extend; to straighten out; to be flattened; to spread (of paint, cream, etc.); to stretch out (e.g. of a hand); to extend
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to meet; to face someone; to co-star; to appear together; to be matched; to face against
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
cruelty; coldheartedness; relentless; ruthless
merciless; ruthless; pitiless; unfeeling
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
battlefield; battleground
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then