character (in a play or novel); dramatis personae
eleven; 11; jack (playing card); Hodgson's hawk-cuckoo (Cuculus fugax); Horsfield's hawk cuckoo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect (someone); to look after (e.g. an injured leg); to defend; to cover for; to stand up for; to stick up for
hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
memento (esp. of a deceased person); keepsake; heirloom; remembrance; souvenir
family; members of a family
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
student (esp. a university student)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
flash of lightning; fire caused by lightning
study; research; investigation
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
fetus; foetus; embryo; unborn child
nature (of a person); sex; gender; sex (i.e. sexual attraction, activity, etc.); gender; -ty
by means of; due to; because of; according to
by nature; by birth; naturally; natural; innate
weak (constitution); sickly; feeble; in poor health
stranger; tramp; wanderer
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
difficulty; hardship; trouble; infeasibility; inability (to carry out)