original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
boldface; bold-type; thick characters
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
double circle (indicating "very good" on a piece of school work)
bull's-eye (pattern); double ring (pattern); umbrella with bull's-eye pattern
angle bracket (e.g. <>); chevron
double; two-fold; diplo-; dipl-; double-edged eyelid; double eyelid
as you see; as you can see
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in that way; thus; so; so?
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
meeting; rendezvous; encounter; confluence
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to guide; to lead; to show the way; to derive; to deduce
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to climb over; to get over; to surmount; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
abrupt; sudden; unexpected