text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter); this passage; this sentence
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
traditional Japanese handball game
boy; son; baby boy; young man
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.); to be blocked (road, pipe, nose, etc.); to be clogged; to shorten (width, interval, etc.); to shrink (shirt, word form, etc.); to be at a loss
as a child; when one was a child
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sticking; clinging; with a smack (e.g. sitting down); hard; all over; thickly
and yet; though; when; in spite of
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
no sooner than; as soon as; immediately after; at the thought of; when I think about
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
(on) one's own; (by) oneself
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to begin to do; to cater; to deliver food
if that is the case; if it becomes so; when it becomes so
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
far from; anything but; not at all; let alone; to say nothing of; not to mention
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
companion; follower; attendant; retinue
university student; college student
eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son
safe (e.g. choice); secure; innocuous; acceptable; passable; satisfactory
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
naughty; mischievous; unruly