prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
(arch.) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south); (arch.) South-East Asia; (arch.) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies); exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style); (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm); nanban; dish prepared using chili peppers and Welsh onions
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
Sichuan (province in China); Shu; Shu Han; Shu; kingdom in ancient China (-316 BCE)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
crow (Corvus spp.); raven
ge (ancient Chinese dagger-axe)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to ask a question; to begin to ask a question
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pigment; coloring; colouring; colorant; colourant
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look through; to hold up to the light; to make an opening; to leave space; to fart without making a sound
back; rear; background; behind the scenes
scenery; scene; landscape
slightly; lightly; thinly; faintly; dimly
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
ceiling; ceiling price; (price) ceiling
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
gravity; gravitation; gravitational pull
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
having no thought for; having no consideration for; disregarding; overlooking; (arch.) being found not guilty (in an Edo-period court); (arch.) acquittal
to drift; to float; to waft (e.g. a scent); to hang in the air; to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood); to wander; to walk around aimlessly
while; during; while; although; all; both
ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
knack; skill; bone; skeleton; cremated remains (esp. the bones); ashes