gentle clinking; sound of rapping; sound of rattling; simmering noise; light bubbling; sound of cooking something on a low flame
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
consequence; outcome; result; blame
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to blow against; to spray (paint, etc.) (onto a surface)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to hang; to suspend; to hang oneself; to hoist an opponent off of his feet by his loincloth; to turn upwards (as if being pulled); to be slanted (of eyes)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
branches and leaves; foliage; unimportant details; nonessentials; side issue
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
to shake; to sway; to waver
cloud of dust (sand, etc.)
to stand up; to put up; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to make
sparse; thin; scattered; straggling; sporadic
passerby; pedestrian; foot passenger
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
(around the) neck; nape; collar (at the front)
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)