this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; volume; this; present; main; head
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
model (of machine, device); model of aircraft; type of aircraft
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
difference; variation; difference
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
actual existence; real existence; existing in real life
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
group; party; team; organization; organisation; association
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
riverbank (esp. the Yangtze River)
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody