original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
after this; from now on; hereafter; thereafter; since (then); after
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
replacement; substitute; displacement; transposition; reset
annotation; explanatory note; comment
abbreviation; omission; outline; gist; plan; strategy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from one's seat; without stirring
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Japanese sword (usu. single-edged and curved); Japanese bladed weapon
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
older sister; elder sister
fruit; nut; seed; (in broth) pieces of meat, vegetable, etc.; content; substance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
life or death struggle; mortal combat; struggle to the death
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
both in name and reality; both in name and substance
tradition; legend; folklore
unusual form; different shape; variant (e.g. kanji, kana)
sword (esp. Japanese single-edged); katana; scalpel; chisel; burin; knife money (knife-shaped commodity money used in ancient China)
seven (long cylindrical things)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
collecting; accumulating; collection (of art, stamps, insects, etc.); garbage collection; waste collection
blame; censure; rebuke; reproof
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
interior; backwoods; hinterland; back regions
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
ominous place outside the human world; mysterious place where no human being lives; uninhabited area