counter for generations; epoch
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
detachment; coming off; peeling off; (flow) separation
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
corner; edge; (street) corner; turning; rough edges (of one's character, words, etc.); abrasiveness
river; stream; River; the ... river
library; book collection; paperback book
table of contents; contents
master; teacher; stable master
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
worst; horrible; horrid; in the worst case; if worst comes to worst
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hateful; detestable; loathsome
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dump (e.g. onto the floor); to empty by overturning; to throw out (contents); to tell everything; to reveal everything; to open one's heart
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
valuation; appraisal; evaluation; appreciation; recognition; acknowledgement
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
objection; refutation; rebuttal; counterargument
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
but then; although; though; reasonable; natural; just
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
hostility; animosity; enmity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
vocal sound; tone of voice
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.); to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. voice); to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned